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FRA and INDIE

FRA is quite similar to INDIE. Likewise, the FRA author indicated that FRA can support some science and/or medical-type modifications [Foster 1996, 88-90].

In many ways, INDIE could be used to implement FRA-like scenarios with extremely minor modifications--Clinical Monitor was a step towards such an application. With INDIE's generalized interface builder and strong support for tests, INDIE implements a superset of FRA's interface, with the exception of specialized modgit-like interfaces for spreadsheets.

Much of FRA's focus for critiquing is on the kinds of mistakes students make in perceiving the data, such as giving their opinion on what the data means. This comes down to producing a large report that is made of many smaller claims. Students do not explicitly link financial data they have found to their claims; FRA instead implicitly guesses what basis they had for that decision.

INDIE scenarios, on the other hand, tend to have atomic claims that require students to indicate which evidence leads them to believe that claim. Only Nutrition Clinician has multi-part claims similar to FRA's, where students choose from a list of possible nutritional problems their patients have. Nutrition also has a ``risks'' section which is similar to FRA's financial predictions for the client.

Interesting ideas that INDIE could use from FRA's experience include the expert demonstration (much like the recaps authors often add in the wrap-up sequence) and the ability to make critiques based on the time students have spent at each place. INDIE finesses the need for time-based critiquing by providing notebook points that specifically indicate the kinds of information students have looked at carefully. INDIE applications such as Volcano and Rembrandt have interfaces that require students to make obvious which information they are looking at so that the right points make it to the notebook. With FRA's spreadsheets, it's not clear how to make explicit what the student is examining.

FRA did not enjoy as wide a distribution to content-builders as INDIE, so it is not clear whether FRA is as scalable as INDIE has proven to be, or as easy to use. Still, it appears that if a broad need appeared for FRA-like systems, INDIE could be easily extended to provide non-programmer authoring and support for them.


next up previous contents
Next: MOPed Up: Financial Report Analyst Previous: Authoring FRA
Wolff Dobson
1998-07-28